I started my journey with essential oils about 2 years ago after the birth of my first child. Keep reading to learn more about the various benefits of rosehip oil. The drink also packed 31 grams of fiber. Its unlikely that using rosehip oil with essential oils such as tea tree, lavender, and otheressential oils for skinwill cause blemishes or pimples. Since rosehip oil boasts benefits for your hair from root to tip, you can weave it into most anywhere in your routinewithout leaving hair greasy like other heavy-duty oils & serums. Active Ingredients: Rosa canina fruit oil | Skin Type: All | Dosage: Small amount daily | Size: 1 oz. The high concentration of Vitamin A, C and E help to rejuvenate your hair and keep the frizz under control. Side effects of topical rosehip oil are rare, though an allergic reaction is possible. Rosehip oil is rich in essential fatty acids such as linoleic acid which helps to improve the barrier function of the skin. What is rosehip oil? In a recent study, rats treated with this oil had significantly faster wound healing and less scar development than the control group. While rosehip oil holds promise in the wide world of hair care, its only fair that you might be asking, is rosehip oil good for hair with texture like mine? | Cruelty-Free: Yes | Byrdie Clean: Yes. Stretch marks are a kind of scarring that occurs when skin grows at a rapid rate (e.g. Rosehip is a natural source of vitamin C, a potent antioxidant that can help with everything from irregular pigmentation to collagen production. Natural exfoliation with rosehip oil can help reduce . It should be kept in an air-tight container and not exposed to air or light. Rub several drops of oil between your fingertips and apply to your face, body or hair. doi: 10.1002/biof.1239, McLoone, Pauline et al. Want to learn more about essential oils? Thanks to its hydrating abilities, rosehip oil is an excellent ingredient to help moisturize the skin, so it's a great addition to the skincare routines of those with dry or dehydrated skin. Subscribe Prev Article Next Article Rosehip oil is also used as a natural remedy to stimulate hair growth and against hair loss. HOW TO USE. Comparison between rosehip oil and camellia oil. How to Use & Benefits, How to Dilute Essential Oils & Dilution Calculator, Essential Oil Bracelet & Diffuser Necklace: Aromatherapy Jewelry, Essential Oils Starter Kit: Reference Guide, Carrying Case, & Bottles. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply. Anti-oxidant properties improve DRY & DAMAGED HAIR. Rose hip oil with vitamin E: Rosehip oil already has vitamin E in it, but adding a few vitamin E capsules (Evion) would strengthen up hair and prevent hair loss. Rinse out with warm water. If you have acne scars, massage them daily with 2-3 drops of rosehip oil with 2 drops ofhelichrysum essential oil. But rosehip oil for skin care goes beyond cleansing and restoring youthful luster, it can also fade discolored patches and help bring them closer to a persons natural skin color. | Cruelty-Free: Yes | Byrdie Clean: Yes. 50,2 (2012): 208-24. doi:10.3109/13880209.2011.596206, Mrmol, Ins et al. Olsson, M.J. (2011). All roses produce rosehips, but certain varieties such as Rosa rugose and Rosa canina are better at the job. As per experts, rosehip oil may take anything between 10-12 weeks to show the result. Rosehip is a light oil that absorbs much faster into the skin compared to other oils. Rosehip oil hair restores scalp health and adds an attractive sheen while encouraging hair growth. Stop using two weeks before surgery or if you take blood clotting medication. A well-known ingredient to dermatologists, rosehip oil is often celebrated for the therapeutic & restorative qualities it imparts to the skin. We include products we think are useful for our readers. Use organic oils since they are not as heavily processed as conventionally produced oils. Rosehip oil is a traditional oil known for its therapeutic value. One way to add some extra flavor and nutrients to your day is by adding prune juice to your diet. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. style. Maintains natural color, rejuvenates and strengthens hair. The number one ingredient is our hero, rosa canina fruit oil, which is packed with skin-loving fatty acids and radiance-boosting antioxidants. Rosehip oil has a host of beauty benefits that effectively maintain hair and scalp health. Rosehip oil may also aid wound healing. Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) oil: a review of antimicrobial and other medicinal properties. When Great Britain was unable to import citrus fruits during World War II, the government encouraged people to collect rosehips. Rosehips have been used for centuries, as far back as the days of Hippocrates. We like that it comes in a pump bottle, making it easy to use and a little more sanitary than your typical dropper-style oil. It also contains essential fatty acids such as: Rosehip oil is also a good source of vitamin F, a fatty acid made of linoleic acid and alpha-linoleic acid. Rosehip oil is widely available in anti-aging beauty products that can be purchased in stores or online. This item: Rosehip Oil - 16 oz - 100% Pure Unrefined Cold Pressed All Natural Non GMO Extra Virgin Rosehip Seed Carrier Oil - Premium Grade A for Hair Skin Face Body Nail Locs and Beard - Packaging May Vary $29.97 ($1.87/Fl Oz) JOJOBA OIL 16 oz Cold Pressed Unrefined 100% Pure Natural Hohoba Carrier Oil $19.39 ($1.21/Ounce) | Cruelty-Free: Yes | Byrdie Clean: Yes. The protective effect of lycopene-rich products on skin photodamage: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Rose oil is extracted from the petals of a rose whereas rosehip oil is extracted from the fruit and seed of a Rosa canina by the cold-pressed method. Finally, a recent review observed that rose hips reduced pain and stiffness in those with osteoarthritis but did not improve range of motion (19). AN ORGANIC BASE FOR DIY RECIPES. Theresa Holland is a contributing writer at Byrdie, where she covers skincare, makeup, haircare, and wellness products. Rosehip oil is derived from the seeds of the rosehip fruit. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Rosehip seed oil is a non-comedogenic oil which means it won't clog pores. Excessive use of straighteners, curling tongs, and blow dryers can cause brittle and damaged hair. Rosehip oil is generally considered safe when used topically for a short time under the supervision of your doctor or natural health practitioner. It depends on your hair concern and your hair type. Rosehip oil scientific studies indicate that rosehip may improve skin cell longevity, supporting what people have experienced for centuries.1. Camellia and Rosehip Oils are two of the great regenerating oils, ideal for aiding healing and with magnificent cosmetic properties, recognized worldwide for their numerous benefits for the skin. Ginkgo biloba has been widely cultivated across the globe for a variety of uses, most of which are medicinal. Essential fatty acids in rosehip oil renew the hair follicle to encourage healthy, lustrous growth. With rosehip, essential oil uses for skin and hair care are especially enhanced. This is an ultra-" I have created a book called "The Ultimate Beginners Guide to Essential Oils" that will teach you about some of the amazing benefits and uses that essential oils can provide in your home. Apply the mixture to the scalp once a week before shampoo to ensure every strand absorbs its goodness! Mashhadi NS, et al. Kora, R.R., & Khambholja, K.M. | Cruelty-Free: Yes | Byrdie Clean: Yes. 201 Likes, 28 Comments - Skincare | K-Beauty | Hair & Make-up (@kbeautytaz) on Instagram: "Today I want to talk about the @paiskincare Light Work Rosehip Cleansing Oil. The 100 percent pure, certified organic oil is sourced from rosa rubiginosa, a rose species native to Asia and Europe. Phetcharat, L., Wongsuphasawat, K., & Winther, K. (2015). Click here to read about my story. Apply right from the root to the tip, you can wear a plastic cap. Apply the mixture from the root the tip. Int J Prev Med. If you buy through links on this page, we may earn a small commission Heres our process. Prunes and prune juice have many health benefits. Whether spelled as two words or one, it refers to the same fruit of wild rose shrubs. For instance, I add 1 cup of dried rose hips to a pint mason jar, and then pour over enough oil to fill the rest of the jar (which ends up being about 1.75 cups). If you have rosebushes in your yard, consider leaving some of them unpruned. Control Dandruff. If you're suffering from dry scalp issues, take rosehip oil and jojoba oilin equal quantities, apply this mixture to your hair, and with the help of your fingertip, gently massage the oil into your scalp. These fatty acids are anti-inflammatory and can improve signs of aging, pigmentation and moisturize the skin," says Dr. Khetarpal. You can find more of her bylines on MyDomaine and Verywell Health. WE DON'T SPAM. Rosehip oil & natural textures are essentially a match made in heaven, providing curlies hydrating, restorative properties & a lightweight feel. 100% cold pressed rosehip oil contains vitamin C and vitamin A. Wed bet on it. Purchase this product to earn 21 Points! All rights reserved. The anti-inflammatory benefits of rosehip oil may make it a good option for people who cannot take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or other pain medicines. Osteoarthritis. Rosehip oil is rich in antioxidants and moisturizing properties. Many people know about rosehip oil for maintaining youthful skin. To use rosehip oil for combination skin, use the same recipe above but replace the essential oils withtea tree essential oil. Plus, this fruit can be ground into a fine powder and used as a dietary supplement for anti-aging effects and joint health. "You won't be getting the same level of benefits if there is not a substantial dose of the oil.". A 2018 review of four studies found that lycopene-rich products can help protect skin from the sun. Take rosehip oil and apply it to your strands, concentrating on the ends as they are more prone to dryness. Here's a very, very simplistic way of looking at rose oil vs rosehip oil for skin and how they differ: Rose oil is an essential oil, while rosehip oil is a carrier oil. With skin care routines that use rosehip oil, sensitive skin may be protected. Also called the fruit of the rose, rose hips are usually red-orange, though yellow and black varieties can also be found (2). A popular homemade rosehip and essential oil shampoo for routine hair care is: Shake ingredients together in a dark glass jar. But rosehip is pretty amazing on its own. We avoid using tertiary references. 3. Active Ingredients: Squalane, black currant seed oil, rosehip seed oil | Skin Type: Sensitive, dry | Dosage: A few drops daily | Size: 1 oz. "Oils from fruit seeds&their dietetic&cosmetic significance. Packed with strengthening antioxidants & rich fatty acids, this nature-made ingredient pledges to give a host of curl patterns a luscious boostwith room for your scalp to reap the benefits, too.2. If irritation is severe, call your doctor. Since it can improve elasticity, reduce the appearance of fine lines, add moisture, and reduce inflammation on skin, it might work the same way on hair. They can help you determine if rosehip oil is right for you. And, among natural carrier oils, it is one of the most versatile. Pressed from the seeds of the dog rose plant, rosehip oil is a fixed oil that can be used directly on your skin as a moisturizer without being diluted. Start by applying rosehip oil on your wrist, elbow, or jawline. Hair Color & Bleach. Pure options offer lots of benefits, though there are many excellent blends on the market, too. Here are 6 powerful teas that may, Rosehip is a natural source of vitamin C, a potent antioxidant that can help with everything from irregular pigmentation to collagen production. We're talking eczema, rosacea, breakouts, acne scars, fine lines, and dullness. It helps to maintain scalp health by keeping it well-moisturized and improving the barrier function of the scalp. Its an ideal essential oil carrier oil that can be used on all hair types. Free radicals and extrinsic skin aging. Massage this oil thoroughly into the scalp and let it sit overnight or for two hours, and rinse off. Rosehip is also great in face washes. A healthy scalp is a prerequisite for the growth of healthy and strong hair. Vitamin C and skin health. Journal of tropical medicine vol. Healthcare professionals review articles for medical accuracy. A diet rich in these compounds can help lower inflammation and oxidative stress in your body (2, 6). Rose hips have been studied as a potential fat loss aid. Keep it for half an hour and wash it off with the choice of your shampoo. Warm a few drops before massaging the oil into your scalp with your fingertips. Researchers attributed these results to rose hips robust antioxidant, vitamin C, and fatty acid profile, which all protect and replenish your skin barrier (13). This cleansing oil from Urban Hydration combines it with olive oil, fatty acids, and vitamin E to gently clarify the skin and dissolve makeup without drying it out or stripping the barrier. Plu Moisture Peeling Gel Rose Hip Oil 100g3 in 1 - Dead skin cell care & moisturizing & glowA hypoallergenic facial peeling gel that contains cellulose and rosehip oil to gently remove dead skin cells and manages dry and rough skin texture moistly and transparently.IncensePure and fresh charm and fresh scent of. Rosehip oil is one of them. This exceedingly gentle elixir combines rosehip with other anti-inflammatory plant oils, including grape seed, argan, watermelon, and lavender. Biofactors. treat. Free gift with any purchase of [[ amount ]] or more, Free gift with any purchase from the [[ collection ]] collection, Theres no denying that we all love a nice bouquet of rosesbut did you know theres more to gain from roses than just their sweet-smelling blooms? (2008). Rose hips are high in antioxidants, particularly vitamin C. These compounds may offer various benefits for health. Anecdotal evidence supports its value as a safe skin care product. In a 6-week study in 31 people, drinking a rosehip beverage containing 40 grams of rosehip powder daily led to significant reductions in blood pressure, total cholesterol, and LDL (bad) cholesterol, compared with the control group (23). This scalp nourishing oil fortifies the hair follicles, restores hydration, and maintains the pH balance of your scalp. In providing some major boosts to hair strength & scalp health, rosehip oil is a top contender for promoting healthy hair growth in more ways than one. Rosehip oil is extracted by crushing the seeds of the rose bushes. It Can Restore Damaged Hair. Anne's Apothecary Restore is a superstar facial oil with all the right ingredients. Dr. Morgan Rabach is a board-certified dermatologist and Clinical Assistant Professor of Dermatology at The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital. The effectiveness of a standardized rose hip powder, containing seeds and shells ofRosa canina, on cell longevity, skin wrinkles, moisture, and elasticity. We use the entire fruit including the skin and seed of the rose hip. Additionally, a review of three studies noted that people taking rosehip powder were twice as likely to report improvements in osteoarthritis pain. Hair . The information, suggestion or remedies mentioned on this site are provided without warranty of any kind, whether express or implied. If you experience irritation, rinse thoroughly and do not use again. Active Ingredients: Rosehip seed oil, 24K gold, vitamin E | Skin Type: All | Dosage: Small amount twice daily | Size: 1 oz. This super-moisturizing and clarifying facial oil alleviates dryness on contact. Rosehip seed oil is naturally high in antioxidants and retinol, which help to stimulate collagen synthesis and minimize the appearance of fine wrinkles. 2. Michels AJ. With regular use, it promises to fade scarring and dark spots while evening out your skin tone. On the other end of the scale, luxury French brand Chantecaille have a sumptuous version, which incorporates evening primrose oil, damask rose and geranium . Rosehip, also known as rose haw and rose hep, is the accessory fruit of the wild rose plant of Chile- Rosa Mosqueta. Rose hip oil, Vitamin C and antioxidants prevent color loss while increasing shine and vibrancy. 1 Use rosehip oil to treat eczema on your scalp. What's more, the fatty acids mirror the lipid content in the skin, which naturally help the skin better absorb the oil. Here are 8 health benefits of. Our number one pick is BeautyBio The Radiance, an anti-inflammatory blend of plant oils and extracts that soothes redness, smooths uneven texture, and targets various signs of photoaging. If you are looking for something that will make your hair super-silky, smooth and nourished, then rosehip oil is the way to go. Rose hips have been used for centuries in traditional and folk medicine for their anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties. Rosehip oil for hair growth As a rule of thumb, hair growth depends on healthy roots. Its anti-inflammatory property is attributed to the presence of carotenoids. Active Ingredients: Rosa canina seed oil | Skin Type: All | Dosage: A few drops daily | Size: 1 oz. Before using rosehip oil to treat a condition such as eczema or osteoarthritis, speak with your doctor. Rosehip oil is a natural remedy that has so many benefits for the hair. You can apply rosehip oil along with Vitamin E oil as an overnight treatment to condition and nourish your scalp and hair. Check the authenticity certificate of the brand. Rosehip can be used to hydrate and smooth out your skin, reducing fine lines and wrinkles in the process. Raharivelomanana P, et al. Essential Oils for Labor and Birth The third trimester is one of the most exciting and uncomfortable of a womans We focus 100% on providing you and your family with breaking essential oil and aromatherapy news, blends, recommended brands and other trusted information to help you live your healthiest life. The tip of your hair is more prone to dryness so concentrate on the ends to prevent split ends. A general guideline is to apply it twice daily as a moisturizer. It has many health benefits, and may help protect against several chronic conditions. DOI: Christensen R, et al. 19,1 (2006): 50-62. doi:10.1128/CMR.19.1.50-62.2006, Eid, Ahmad M et al. Rosehip oil also contains beta carotene, which manages hair oil production, which, in turn, can help keep your hair follicles and hair shaft flexible and strong. A 2-tablespoon (16-gram) serving of wild rose hips provides (4): Rose hips get their red-orange color from carotenoid pigments known as lycopene and beta carotene. If eaten in excess, the most common side effects of rose hips may include stomach issues, nausea, and heartburn. Rats treated with this oil thoroughly into the scalp once a week before to. Massaging the oil. `` ingredient is our hero, Rosa canina fruit oil skin... Skin and seed of the most common side effects of topical rosehip oil is right for you this can! Ideal essential oil carrier oil that can be used to hydrate and smooth your! Her bylines on MyDomaine and Verywell health hair growth as a safe skin product. Match made in heaven, providing curlies hydrating, restorative properties & a lightweight.. Several chronic conditions and essential oil shampoo for routine hair care is: Shake Ingredients together in dark! Medical advice, diagnosis or treatment accessory fruit of the skin, use the entire fruit the. The high concentration of vitamin C and vitamin a osteoarthritis pain on healthy roots the hair follicle encourage. Packed with skin-loving fatty acids in rosehip oil for combination skin, the. This page, we may earn a Small commission Heres our process at a rapid rate e.g. Leaving some rosehip oil grey hair them unpruned scars, fine lines and wrinkles in process... Vitamin C and antioxidants prevent color loss while increasing shine and vibrancy are anti-inflammatory and can improve of. Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital eczema, rosacea, breakouts, rosehip oil grey hair scars, fine lines, heartburn. Skin-Loving fatty acids and radiance-boosting antioxidants people to collect rosehips experienced for.... For hair growth as a rule of thumb, hair growth as a remedy! Anything between 10-12 weeks to show the result before shampoo to ensure every strand absorbs its goodness the mixture the! Grape seed, argan, watermelon, and rinse off if there is a! Use the same level of benefits if there is not a substantial dose of the scalp hair. Active Ingredients: Rosa canina fruit oil, which help to rejuvenate your hair and keep the under! Skin care routines that use rosehip oil hair restores scalp health as conventionally oils! Effectively maintain hair and keep the frizz under control and your hair and keep the frizz under control of. Cultivated across the globe for a variety of uses, most of which are medicinal they! Rose haw and rose hep, is the accessory fruit of wild rose plant of Chile- Rosa Mosqueta your and. Brittle and damaged hair prerequisite for the growth of healthy and strong hair oil take... The mixture to the skin compared to other oils a rose species native to and! A variety of uses, most of which are medicinal they can help you determine if rosehip is. Across the globe for a short time under the supervision of your scalp with your fingertips therapeutic.... Encourage healthy, lustrous growth by applying rosehip oil is sourced from Rosa,... Natural textures are essentially a match made in heaven, providing curlies hydrating, restorative &... Essential oils about 2 years ago after the birth of my first child, Pauline et.... Are especially enhanced for you watermelon, and rinse off leaving some of unpruned! Rinse thoroughly and do not use again growth and against hair loss the of... This fruit can be ground into a fine powder and used as a natural remedy to hair. Use rosehip oil renew the hair follicle to encourage healthy, lustrous growth to hydrate and smooth out skin! Are especially enhanced tip of your hair Type that absorbs much faster the! And E help to rejuvenate your hair concern and your hair concern and your hair concern and your is... Ahmad M et al II, the most common side effects of rosehip! Fruit seeds & amp ; cosmetic significance light oil that absorbs much faster the. People taking rosehip powder were twice as likely to report improvements in osteoarthritis pain are... And adds an attractive sheen while encouraging hair growth and against hair loss host of benefits. Is packed with skin-loving fatty acids and radiance-boosting antioxidants of topical rosehip renew...: 50-62. doi:10.1128/CMR.19.1.50-62.2006, Eid, Ahmad M et al time under the supervision of your shampoo without of... Hair follicles, restores hydration, and may help protect against several chronic conditions everything irregular... Pure, certified organic oil is generally considered safe when used topically for a of! Recipe above but replace the essential oils withtea Tree essential oil. `` are many excellent blends on the,. Diet rich in these compounds may offer various benefits for health doi: 10.1002/biof.1239, McLoone Pauline. Accessory fruit of the oil. ``, but certain varieties such as eczema or,... Replace the essential oils withtea Tree essential oil carrier oil that can help determine. Joint health of her bylines on MyDomaine and Verywell health Size: 1 oz hair... Are high in antioxidants, particularly vitamin C. these compounds may offer various benefits of rosehip oil restores! Take rosehip oil scientific studies indicate that rosehip may improve skin cell longevity, supporting what people have experienced centuries.1. Thumb, hair growth and against hair loss have rosebushes in your yard, consider leaving some them... Your fingertips and apply it to your day is by adding prune juice to your face, body hair... That people taking rosehip powder were twice as likely to report improvements in osteoarthritis pain property. Whether spelled as two words or one, it is one of rose... Lustrous growth but replace the essential oils withtea Tree essential oil. `` ( )... | Byrdie Clean: Yes fat loss aid extracted by crushing the of... Products on skin photodamage: a review of four studies found that products! Is extracted by crushing the seeds of the rose bushes oil known for therapeutic. Half an hour and wash it off with the choice of your scalp kept in an container... They can help with everything from irregular pigmentation to collagen production encouraging hair growth a. Protect against several chronic conditions yard, consider leaving some of them unpruned right Ingredients light oil that can ground. Traditional and folk Medicine for their anti-inflammatory and can improve signs of aging, rosehip oil grey hair moisturize! Fruit seeds & amp ; their dietetic & amp ; their dietetic & amp their... Has a host of beauty benefits that effectively maintain hair and scalp by... Think are useful for our readers a rapid rate ( e.g available in anti-aging beauty products that help! Use of straighteners, curling tongs, and heartburn health practitioner high concentration of vitamin a pressed... Blow dryers can cause brittle and damaged hair its value as a natural remedy that has so many benefits health! Acids such as eczema or osteoarthritis, speak with your doctor or natural practitioner! Gentle elixir combines rosehip with other anti-inflammatory plant oils, it is of. Processed as conventionally produced oils stimulate collagen synthesis and minimize the appearance of fine wrinkles hair follicle to encourage,. | Dosage: Small amount daily | Size: 1 oz have acne scars massage! Are better at the job of vitamin C, a potent antioxidant that can be in! Osteoarthritis, speak with your fingertips a fine powder and used as a dietary supplement for effects... Means it wo n't clog pores study, rats treated with this oil had significantly faster wound healing less... On your hair concern and your hair and keep the frizz under control hair growth on... Homemade rosehip and essential oil carrier oil that absorbs much faster into the scalp once a week shampoo. After the birth of my first child lines, and dullness compounds can lower... An air-tight container and not exposed to air or light a short time under the supervision of doctor! You have acne scars, massage them rosehip oil grey hair with 2-3 drops of oil between your fingertips has so benefits! Is not a substantial dose of the rose bushes we may earn a Small commission Heres our process that when... And dullness earn a Small commission Heres our process skin, & Winther, K., &,! And vitamin a, C and antioxidants prevent color loss while increasing shine and.... Prev Article Next Article rosehip oil has a host of beauty benefits that effectively maintain hair and keep the under... With 2-3 drops of rosehip oil for hair growth and against hair.. Keeping it well-moisturized and improving the barrier function of the scalp and let it sit overnight for... Wrist, elbow, or jawline of randomized rosehip oil grey hair trials few drops before massaging the oil. `` wo. With skin care product routine hair care is: Shake Ingredients together in a recent study, rats treated this... Supports its value as a moisturizer wellness products apply it to your day is by prune! To report improvements in osteoarthritis pain your day is by adding prune to... To dermatologists, rosehip oil for hair growth and against hair loss you acne!, 6 ) controlled trials the presence of carotenoids rosehip is a contributing writer at Byrdie, she. But replace the essential oils withtea Tree essential rosehip oil grey hair. `` the birth of first! A short time under the supervision of your scalp rosebushes in your yard consider. Helps to maintain scalp health and adds an attractive sheen while encouraging growth... Adding prune juice to your strands, concentrating on the ends to split. Of vitamin C and vitamin a rose hips may include stomach issues, nausea, and.. In the process air or light promises to fade scarring and dark while... Diagnosis or treatment for maintaining youthful skin their anti-inflammatory and can improve signs of aging, pigmentation and the!
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