[17], The Confederate Congress provided for a Confederate army patterned after the United States Army. 58692. A Chance for Active Service. How can we avoid the occurrence of weld porosity? At least one major was next in command. Neal Publishing Company, 1912.McPherson, James M. For Cause and Comrades: Why Men Fought in the Civil War. The CSRs do not constitute an exhaustive list of all men who served in the Confederate army. They were paid in Confederate currency. The supply situation for most Confederate armies was dismal, even when they were victorious on the battlefield. 2 What was the Souths nickname in the Civil War? 35,000 worksheets, games, and lesson plans, Spanish-English dictionary, translator, and learning. These records contain both military and personal details and are useful for locating an ancestor in time and place and tracking his movements during the course of the Civil War. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. greyback (because of the color of their uniform), Johnny Reb, They were also called rebs and yanks. The rhetoric of liberty that had permeated the letters of Confederate volunteers in 1861, grew even stronger as the war progressed. web pages gray. The Northern soldiers nicknames were the Yankees or Yanks. In the action that followed, he and his unit inflicted heavy casualties on the Union attackers. [87] They were often the victims of battlefield massacres and atrocities at the hands of the Confederates,[87] most notably at Fort Pillow in Tennessee and at the Battle of the Crater in Virginia. A grayback was also a slang term for lice, so we can see the insult here. Soldiers Updated February 21, 2017 | Factmonster Staff "Jonny Rebel" A Confederate soldier during the Civil War. bushwhackers. The blunted nose of the shell was designed to increase its wind resistance . on the Internet. [54] A growing threat to the solidarity of the Confederacy was dissatisfaction in the Appalachian mountain districts caused by lingering unionism and a distrust of the power wielded by the slave-holding class. They tended to be young southern farmers, laborers and mechanics. [52] One Confederate officer at the time noted, "The deserters belong almost entirely to the poorest class of non-slave-holders whose labor is indispensable to the daily support of their families" and that "When the father, husband or son is forced into the service, the suffering at home with them is inevitable. The storage wasteland, whose exact location has been . Brigades were commanded by brigadier generals although casualties or other attrition sometimes meant that brigades would be commanded by senior colonels or even a lower grade officer. They were generally referred by number and state, for example 1st Texas, 12th Virginia. Some men with a weak religious affiliation became committed Christians, and saw their military service in terms of satisfying God's wishes. General Kershaw would later be buried in that same cemetery, which also maintains the graves of Civil War General John Bordenave Villepigue and his descendant, World War I Medal of Honor recipient John Canty Villepigue, in addition to World War I Medal of Honor recipient Richmond Hobson Hilton. On September 20, 1863, he and two other men took command of a charge near "Snodgrass Hill" during the Battle of Chickamauga. greyback - Dictionary Definition "Johnny' was applied as a nickname for Confederate soldiers by the Federal soldiers in the American Civil War; `greyback' derived from their grey Confederate uniforms" "As nouns the difference between confederate and greyback Research guide for the American Civil War, https://library.citadel.edu/c.php?g=911931, National Park Service: Soldiers & Sailors Database, The Roster of Confederate Soldiers, 1861-1865, The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of Rebellion. "Justice Has Something to Do with It: Class Relations and the Confederate Army." America The last name, Johnnies, is said to have originated in a quarrel between two pickets, which began by the Union mans saying that the Confederates depended on England to get them out of their scrapeThe Union mansaid that a Reb was no better than a Johnny Bull, anyhowThe name stuck, and in the last part of the war the Confederate soldiers were almost universally called Johnnies., Confederate soldiers were called rebels because, at the time, the American Civil War was known as the War of the Rebellion. Since the Confederates were fighting against their own country in this rebellion, they were called rebels.. YEOMANRY. What are 6 of Charles Dickens classic novels? The United States victory at Vicksburg in 1863 shut off supplies from Texas and the west. Ironically, the proportion of Union soldiers who wrote about the slavery question was greater, as the next chapter will show. One list provides names of Confederate soldiers who died in either Confederate or Union hospitals in Harrodsburg, Lexington, and Danville, KY. [130][131], Compared to the Union Army at the time, the Confederate Army was not very ethnically diverse. Confederate private, illustration published in the Atlas to Accompany Official Records of Union and Confederate Armies, circa 1895. At the end of the war 174,223 men of the Confederate forces surrendered to the Union Army. They felt that they had no choice but to help defend their homes. Others point to less overtly political reasons to fight, such as the defense of one's home and family, or the honor and brotherhood to be preserved when fighting alongside other men. The Southern Baptists sent a total of 78 missionaries, starting in 1862. On March 8 the Confederate Congress passed a law that authorized Davis to issue proclamations to call up no more than 100,000 men. There was plenty of meat in the Confederacy. For more information on our use of cookies and usage policies, please visit our PRIVACYPOLICY. The Confederacy refused. Why did the population expert feel like he was going crazy punchline answer key? Gen. Joseph B. Kershaw, also from Kershaw County, South Carolina, and informed him that he wished to help the wounded Union soldiers. Edit Search New Search. His body was returned home to Kershaw County, South Carolina, and he was buried in the "Old Quaker Cemetery" in Camden. Confederate soldiers were called rebel, Grayback (because of the "[45] A North Carolinian soldier stated, "[A] white man is better than a nigger. In the actual armed conflicts of the Civil War, the two sides had numerous nicknames for themselves and each other as a group and individuals, e.g., for Union troops "Federals" and for the Confederates "rebels," "rebs" or "Johnny reb" for an individual Confederate soldier. Their zeal for the Confederate cause, however, began to evaporate when they found that neither arms nor pay had been arranged for them. In his 1997 book For Cause and Comrades, which examines the motivations of the American Civil War's soldiers, historian James M. McPherson contrasts the views of Confederate soldiers regarding slavery with those of the colonial American revolutionaries of the 18th century. However, according to Randolph H. McKim in his book The Numerical Strength of the Confederate Army, the numbers of enrollment into the Confederate army were: Virginia: 175,000Florida: 15,000Georgia: 120,000North Carolina: 129,000South Carolina: 75,000Mississippi: 70,000Alabama: 90,000Tennessee: 115,000. The Confederate . on June 25, 2020, There are no reviews yet. The lack of central authority and the ineffective railroads, combined with the frequent unwillingness or inability of Southern state governments to provide adequate funding, were key factors in the Confederate army's demise. South Carolina was the first to secede, on December 20, 1860, followed by Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana and Texas. As early as November 1864, some Confederates knew that the chance of securing victory against the U.S. was slim. Occasionally, regiments would be transferred between brigades. Many soldiers went home temporarily ("Absent Without Official Leave") and quietly returned when their family problems had been resolved. The Roster of Confederate Soldiers, 1861-1865 Daniel Library Stacks Call Number E548 .H4. In most cases, though, Confederate officers returned captured black soldiers to slavery or put them to hard labor on southern fortifications. What is the difference between HSI and Hscei? Let us put the negro to work, but not to fight. NARA describes this effort: The compilation of service records of Confederate soldiers was begun in 1903 under the direction of Brig. Supplementing the Confederate army were the various state militias of the Confederacy: Control and operation of the Confederate army were administered by the Confederate States War Department, which was established by the Confederate Provisional Congress in an act on February 21, 1861. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. It rallied behind Lincoln's call on April 15 for all the loyal states to send troops to recapture the forts from the secessionists, to put down the rebellion and to save the Union. Can proteins have polar and non polar regions? The war was nearly over by then, and only about two hundred slaves ended up being enlisted before the Confederate armies all surrendered.[22]. Abstracts were made form documents in the War Department Collection of Confederate Records and from documents borrowed by the War Department in an effort to obtain as nearly complete military service records as possible. His last words were, "I'm done for save yourselves and please tell my Pa I died right.". Robert E. Lee, the most celebrated general of the Confederacy, was known to refer to opposing Union forces as simply "those people." Individual commanders often had to "beg, borrow or steal" food and ammunition from whatever sources were available, including captured U.S. depots and encampments, and private citizens regardless of their loyalties. A small number of Asian men were forcibly inducted into the Confederate Army against their will, when they arrived in Louisiana from overseas. Since these figures include estimates of the total number of individual soldiers who served in each army at any time during the war, they do not represent the size of the armies at any given date. This is union and confederate combined. Realizing they had advanced too far forward of their own unit, they attempted to return and Kirkland was shot. most of the battlefields were located in Confederate states. Army -- Registers, Soldiers -- Confederate States of America -- Registers, United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Registers, United States -- Confederate States of America, United States, Southern States -- Military records -- Civil War, 1861-1865, urn:lcp:rosterofconfeder0000unse:lcpdf:942a4376-e0e6-4197-8274-c8c436bda8c3, urn:lcp:rosterofconfeder0000unse:epub:02c5afa1-2a5a-48fd-9a4d-dafc1a72f20e, Terms of Service (last updated 12/31/2014). Some of the more important armies and their commanders were: Some other prominent Confederate generals who led significant units operating sometimes independently in the CSA included Thomas J. By the mid-war, most regiments averaged 300400 men, with Confederate units slightly smaller on average than their U.S. counterparts. Armies were usually commanded by full generals (there were seven in the C.S. [10] Lincoln was determined to hold the forts remaining under U.S. control when he took office, especially Fort Sumter in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. On September 27, the maximum age of conscription was extended to 45. 1 What were the nicknames for the Union and Confederate soldiers? As the Confederates called the union soldiers Yankees. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Find Confederate Soldiers stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. Gen. Fred C. Ainsworth, head of the Record and Pension Office of the War Department. [113] He noted that some Confederates brought along "their body servants, who in many cases had grown up with them" and that "on occasion some of those body servants were known to have picked up a rifle and fought. 116162. However, when Kirkland asked if he could show a white handkerchief, General Kershaw stated he could not do that. In the actual armed conflicts of the Civil War, the two sides had numerous nicknames for themselves and each other as a group and individuals, e.g., for Union troops Federals and for the Confederates rebels, rebs or Johnny reb for an individual Confederate soldier. The overwhelming support most Confederates had for maintaining black slavery was the primary cause of their strong opposition to using African Americans as armed soldiers. One result was wave after wave of religious revivals in the Army,[33] religion playing a major part in the lives of Confederate soldiers. uniforms, just as British soldiers were called redcoats because of All three initiatives were unsuccessful, however. [3] On February 28, 1861, the Provisional Confederate Congress established a provisional volunteer army and gave control over military operations and authority for mustering state forces and volunteers to the newly chosen Confederate president, Jefferson Davis. Confederate . I've never heard of any other cause than slavery. Ten companies were organized into an infantry regiment, which theoretically had 1,000 men. U.S., Confederate Soldiers Compiled Service Records, 1861-1865 Match all terms exactly First & Middle Name (s) Last Name Birth Day Month Year Location Military Any Event Keyword e.g. The combat arms included infantry, cavalry, and artillery. 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